Edema Feet

Edema is observable swelling from fluid accumulation in tissues. Edema occurs most often in the feet and legs, where it is called peripheral edema. The swelling is the result of the accumulation of excess fluid under the skin in the spaces in the tissues. All body tissues are composed of cells and connective tissues that hold the cells together.

swelling of feet and legs, referred to medically as edema, occur when fluid is retained in the spaces between body cells. Edema typically affects the feet, ankles, lower legs, but can also affect all areas of the body, causing systemic symptoms.

Causes

Acute mountain sickness occurs from the combination of reduced atmospheric pressure and a lower concentration of oxygen at high altitude. Symptoms can range from mild to life threatening and can affect the nervous system, lungs, muscles and heart.

In most cases, symptoms are mild. In severe cases fluid collects in the lungs (pulmonary edema) causing extreme shortness of breath, which further reduces the amount of oxygen a person gets. Swelling of the brain may also occur (cerebral edema). This can cause confusion, coma and, if untreated, death.

Symptoms

People with edema may notice a ring on the finger feels tighter than in the past, or they might have trouble putting on shoes, especially toward the end of the day. They may also notice a swelling of the face around the eyes, or feet, ankles and legs. When edema is present, the pressure on the skin, such as the elastic band on socks, may leave an imprint that is slow to disappear. Edema of the abdomen, called ascites, may be a sign of serious underlying disease and must be immediately evaluated by a physician.

Diagnosis

A medical diagnosis of altitude sickness based mainly on symptoms. In a high altitude pulmonary edema, fluid can sometimes be heard in the lungs through a stethoscope. A radiograph of the chest and measuring the amount of oxygen in the blood can help confirm the diagnosis.

Homecare

· To elevate the legs above your heart while lying down.
· Exercise your legs. This helps pump fluid from your legs to your heart.
· Wear support stockings (sold at most pharmacies and medical supply stores).

Relief and Prevention:

The typical treatment is to reduce foot, leg and ankle swelling, and the first line of defense: leg elevation. elevate legs above heart level, which exerts minimal pressure on the backs of knees and thighs and lower back. Sitting on a couch watching television is a great way to elevate the legs. Many products, for use at home or at work may also help reduce swelling.
Treatment of edema is focused on correcting the cause of fluid accumulation. A diet low in salt may help. You should also avoid drinking too much liquid. If you're not short of breath, elevate your legs above the level of your heart for the swelling. Your doctor may suggest you take a low dose of one tablet of water (diuretic).

For swollen ankles and feet caused by pregnancy, elevate your legs and avoid lying on your back to help improve circulation and reduce swelling.